Whether you’ve trained previous pets or are brand new to dog training, you’ve undoubtedly had moments that made you think the dog was simply being stubborn. It’s totally normal to feel overwhelmed and frustrated at times, but the key to success in training is patience. Your dog is most likely doing one if the following: what they are capable of, what they think they’re supposed to be doing, or what they feel is most likely to lead to their desired outcome (rewards). Alicia Healy perfectly defines this situation in her article, “Why is My Dog Stubborn? And How to Fix it.”

“For the dog, it’s not about resisting their owner’s will or digging their heels in. It’s about seeking reinforcement and avoiding punishment.”

So, even though we may feel like our dogs are just being stubborn, that is rarely, if ever, the case. The following eight reasons might help explain why your dog isn’t responding well to your commands.

1. Lack of Consistency

Imagine you walked into a new job and the first day your boss gave you three tasks to complete. You started trying to learn how to do the first one, but since you didn’t complete it quickly enough, they repeated their request several times until changing it entirely. The next day, you have a different boss and they ask you to do completely different things. It would be overwhelming and confusing, wouldn’t it?

Dogs are incredibly intelligent, but they do not learn or process information the same way that humans do. Dogs learn through association- meaning they begin to recognize patterns and perform behaviors that, based on patterns they’ve noticed, will most likely result in obtaining what they want, whether that’s treats, praise, or some other reward that motivates them. Without consistency, it’s more difficult for your dog to recognize a pattern. For example, if you give your dog a treat because they are begging incessantly and you just want them to stop, but then try to use treats in training them not to beg, it becomes very confusing. They are thinking about how begging resulted in getting treats last time, but you are now expecting a totally different behavior in order for them to get the treats this time. See how that might be confusing? Consistency is key.

2. No Basic Dog Training

Skipping basic training foundations can lead to significant problems with a dog’s ability to listen and respond to commands. Basic training establishes a crucial bond of trust and communication between the owner and the dog. Without these foundational skills, a dog may struggle to understand what is expected of them, leading to frustration and confusion. Moreover, it can hinder the development of impulse control, making it challenging for the dog to resist distractions or behave appropriately in various situations.

Basic training sets the stage for advanced commands and ensures a harmonious relationship between owner and dog. When skipped, it leaves a void in the dog’s education, ultimately resulting in issues with obedience and responsiveness. The fundamentals are fundamental for a reason! If you were negligent, or just uninformed (no judgement) during the puppy years and failed to instill the basic commands into your dog’s set of skills, it makes little sense to start attempting to train complex tricks.

Think about it this way

Imagine you never learned how to add or subtract, and you were just hired for a job that requires you to learn complex functions. Without the fundamental, basic skills of addition and subtraction, you can’t learn the more advanced ones. This is because the more advanced levels of math require a basic knowledge of addition and subtraction, just like the more advanced levels of dog training rest upon a solid foundation of the basic commands, like sit, stay, etc.

It’s never too late to start training the basics, but it doesn’t make sense to try and teach more complicated tasks without having taught these first. Sit, although it may seem simple, is not a word that dogs come into this world understanding- nor is any other command, in any language. It must be taught. Dog training isn’t intuitive to humans either, however, and although we can try our best to learn, our dogs will benefit the most from focused, expert-based approaches. If you’re unsure where to start, check out our most highly recommended online training program here.

3. Punishments rather than Reinforcements

Using punishments instead of reinforcements in dog training can have detrimental effects on a dog’s ability to listen and obey. Punishments, such as physical corrections or harsh scolding, can create fear and anxiety in dogs. This fear often leads to avoidance behaviors, where the dog learns to hide or evade the owner rather than understanding and obeying commands. This not only damages the trust and bond between the owner and the dog but also hinders the dog’s willingness to engage in training. Over time, the dog may become desensitized to punishment or may become defensively aggressive, making them even more challenging to work with. 

 Furthermore, punishments tend to focus on what the dog is doing wrong rather than reinforcing what they do right. Positive reinforcement, on the other hand, rewards desired behaviors with treats, praise, or affection. This approach motivates the dog to repeat those behaviors in anticipation of positive outcomes. Punishments fail to provide clear guidance on what is expected of the dog, leaving them in a constant state of uncertainty. In contrast, using reinforcements to shape behavior builds a strong foundation of trust and understanding, making it much more likely that the dog will listen and comply willingly, enhancing their overall obedience and responsiveness.

3. Feeding Meals

Feeding meals instead of using food as a training tool can potentially lead to problems with a dog’s ability to listen and obey commands. When meals are given in a traditional bowl, dogs receive their sustenance without any behavioral expectations. In contrast, using food as a training reward allows for a structured learning process. It motivates the dog to engage in training exercises, reinforcing their willingness to perform desired behaviors in exchange for treats. Without this incentive, dogs may become less enthusiastic about training sessions, leading to a lack of focus and engagement when asked to follow commands.  

Furthermore, feeding meals in a bowl can miss valuable opportunities for mental stimulation and bonding. Training sessions offer a chance for the dog and owner to work together, strengthening their relationship and communication. When meals are served in this manner, dogs not only receive physical nourishment but also mental stimulation and interaction with their owner, enhancing their overall attentiveness and responsiveness. By integrating mealtime into training, owners can ensure their dogs stay mentally engaged and eager to cooperate, promoting better listening skills and obedience.

4. Overlooking Socialization

Overlooking socialization is a common mistake that can indeed lead to problems with a dog’s ability to listen and respond to commands. Socialization is the process of exposing dogs to various people, animals, environments, and experiences during their critical developmental stages. This exposure helps them become well-adjusted, confident, and comfortable in different situations. Dogs that lack proper socialization might develop fear or anxiety when confronted with new people, animals, or environments. Such emotional distress can cause distractions and stress during training sessions, making it challenging for them to focus on commands and listen effectively. 

 Moreover, socialization plays a crucial role in teaching dogs how to interact appropriately with other dogs and humans. Without these experiences, dogs may struggle to understand social cues and exhibit undesirable behaviors, like fear-based aggression or excessive shyness. These behavioral issues can hinder their ability to listen and respond calmly to commands, as they may be more preoccupied with anxiety or reactivity. In essence, socialization is not only about helping dogs adapt to the world but also about building their confidence and ability to engage in training effectively, making it an essential foundation for attentive and obedient pets.

Is socialization the same thing as social enrichment?

It is important to note that socialization is NOT social enrichment.

5. Impatience with Dog Training

Impatience in dog training can significantly hinder a dog’s ability to listen and respond to commands. Dogs, like humans, require time to learn and process new information. When owners or trainers display impatience by expecting quick results or becoming frustrated easily, it can create stress and anxiety for the dog during training sessions. This stress can lead to a lack of focus, making it more challenging for the dog to comprehend and follow commands. In essence, impatience disrupts the learning process and may cause the dog to shut down or become disinterested in training. 

The Furthermore, impatience can inadvertently reinforce undesired behaviors. When dogs sense their owner’s frustration, they may exhibit avoidance behaviors to avoid further stress or confrontation, rather than genuinely engaging in the training process. Inconsistent expectations and impatience can confuse the dog, making it difficult for them to understand what is expected of them. Patience and a positive, encouraging approach in training create a supportive environment in which the dog feels safe and motivated to listen and learn. This fosters a stronger bond between owner and dog and results in better listening skills and more effective obedience.

6. Rewarding only Completion, not Effort

Rewarding a dog’s effort rather than solely focusing on the completion of tasks is a valuable training strategy. Dogs, like humans, vary in their learning pace and abilities. By acknowledging and rewarding effort, we create a positive and motivating training environment that encourages them to try their best. This approach instills a sense of achievement and boosts their confidence, which is particularly beneficial for shy or anxious dogs. It reinforces the idea that trying is more important than immediate success, and this mindset can lead to long-term learning and improved listening skills. 

 Moreover, emphasizing effort over task completion promotes a strong bond between the dog and the owner. When dogs sense that their attempts are appreciated and celebrated, they become more willing to engage in training and please their owner. This leads to a deeper connection and trust between the two, as well as a more harmonious relationship built on positive reinforcement. Rewarding effort also allows for incremental progress, making it easier to break complex tasks into smaller, achievable steps, which ultimately aids in better understanding, retention, and execution of commands.

7. Confusion

Simple and clear commands are of paramount importance in dog training to prevent confusion and facilitate effective communication. Dogs primarily rely on vocal cues, body language, and tone of voice to understand commands. When instructions are convoluted or unclear, dogs may struggle to discern the intended action, leading to confusion and frustration. Using straightforward, one-word commands like “sit,” “stay,” or “come” provides dogs with a clear and easily distinguishable signal, making it easier for them to respond promptly and accurately. 

 Moreover, consistent and concise commands help establish a predictable learning environment for dogs. When the same command is used consistently for a specific behavior, dogs can readily associate it with the expected action. In contrast, using lengthy or complicated phrases can create inconsistency and ambiguity, causing dogs to second-guess their actions and become less likely to listen attentively. Clear commands enable dogs to quickly grasp what is expected of them, resulting in a smoother and more efficient training process and ultimately enhancing their ability to listen and respond to their owner’s cues.

8. Size, Age, Breed

Size, age, and breed are all critical factors to consider when embarking on dog training. The size of a dog plays a significant role in determining their physical abilities and exercise requirements. Smaller breeds may have different energy levels and needs compared to larger breeds. Training methods and exercises should be adapted accordingly. Additionally, smaller dogs might need less emphasis on leash control, while larger dogs require more attention to obedience to ensure safety and manageable walks.

Size

The size of a dog is a fundamental consideration in dog training. It directly impacts their physical capabilities, exercise requirements, and training needs. Smaller breeds often have different energy levels and may require less physical exertion than larger breeds. This can influence the choice of training exercises and the emphasis placed on obedience, particularly when it comes to leash control. Training sessions for larger dogs may need to focus more on impulse control and consistent behavior to ensure safety and manageable interactions in various settings. Understanding the specific needs and abilities associated with a dog’s size is crucial in tailoring an effective training regimen that maximizes their potential for obedience and responsiveness. 

Age 

Age is another pivotal factor in dog training. A dog’s stage of life greatly affects their behavior and learning capabilities. Puppies benefit from early socialization and basic training to establish a solid foundation for lifelong obedience. Adolescents may go through challenging phases that require consistent guidance and reinforcement of desired behaviors. Older dogs can still learn new skills, but they may need a patient and accommodating approach. This approach would be one that considers their physical limitations and unique learning style. Adapting the training program to align with a dog’s age ensures a more effective and age-appropriate training experience. 

Breed 

Breed plays a significant role in dog training as it influences a dog’s instincts, tendencies, and behavior. Different breeds were developed for specific purposes, and these origins continue to shape their inclinations and reactions. Training should acknowledge and address these breed-specific traits. For example, herding breeds may display a strong desire to chase, while retrievers may excel in fetch and retrieval tasks. Tailoring training to the breed’s characteristics is essential in maximizing their responsiveness and cooperation. Recognizing breed-related behaviors and channeling them positively results in a well-behaved dog and strengthens the bond between owner and pet.

One additional possibility exists which could dramatically impact your dog’s ability to listen to you: their health. Though often overlooked, physical health is one of the leading causes of incidents of aggression, as well as percieved disobedience. Think about it like this: If you were suffering from something incredibly painful, such as appendicitis, and someone asked you to do a favor that involved physical labor, how likely would you be to do it? The reality is that although the other party cannot see you are in pain, this health condition causes you to react to their request differently.

Our dogs’ physical health is paramount to just about all aspects of behavior and training. With so many additives in traditional kibble and ongoing distrust in manufacturers of dog food and treats, it can be challenging to know what your dog will actually benefit from. If you’re looking for a holistic, dog-centered product that focuses on wellness over revenue, Wagwell is a fantastic company to look into.,

9. Wrong Choice of Reinforcement

Using the wrong reinforcement in dog training can indeed lead to issues where dogs may not listen effectively. Reinforcements should align with a dog’s individual preferences and motivators. If a trainer chooses a reinforcement that doesn’t appeal to the dog, it can lead to disinterest or distraction. For example, if a dog is not food-motivated and treats are consistently used as rewards, they may not find the training valuable. This could causetheir responsiveness to wane. Similarly, if a dog prefers play or affection, using treats exclusively may not be as effective in maintaining their attention. Therefore, selecting reinforcement that resonates with the dog’s preferences is crucial for maintaining their enthusiasm and willingness to listen. 

 Additionally, the timing of reinforcement is vital in dog training. Using reinforcement too early or too late can cause confusion and miscommunication. Dogs might associate the reward with the wrong behavior or fail to connect the reinforcement to the desired action. This leads to a lack of understanding and compliance. Properly timed reinforcement helps dogs make a clear connection between their actions and the positive outcome. This encourages them to repeat the desired behavior and enhancing their listening skills. Misalignment of reinforcement can impede the dog’s ability to grasp the training objectives, resulting in decreased responsiveness to commands.

Examples of Dog Training Reinforcement

Treats

Small, tasty treats are a classic and effective tool for positive reinforcement. They provide an immediate reward for desired behaviors and can be easily carried during training sessions.

Toys

Interactive toys, such as a favorite ball or tug toy, can be used as rewards. Dogs often find playtime highly motivating, making it a useful reinforcement tool, especially for active breeds.

Affection

Verbal praise, petting, and positive body language can be powerful reinforcements for many dogs. Offering affection and words of encouragement helps strengthen the bond between you and your pet.

Clicker

Clicker training involves using a small device that makes a distinct clicking sound when the dog performs the correct behavior. The click is immediately followed by a treat or reward, allowing for precise and immediate reinforcement.

Life Rewards

These are rewards that are part of the dog’s daily routine. Going for a walk, getting their leash removed, or being let outside, are all examples. Using life rewards reinforces the notion that listening and obeying commands lead to desirable outcomes.

Environmental

Allowing the dog access to a desired environment, like a dog park or a play area, can be a powerful reinforcement during training. This strategy works particularly well for social dogs.

The Takeaway

In summary, enhancing your dog’s listening skills is a journey that demands patience, consistency, and the right tools. By using clear, concise commands, understanding the importance of age, size, and breed, and choosing the appropriate reinforcement methods tailored to your pet’s preferences, you can pave the way for effective communication and obedience. Remember, building a strong bond with your furry companion is key, and celebrating their efforts, rather than just task completion, can go a long way in achieving a harmonious and responsive partnership. So, whether you’re teaching basic commands or tackling more advanced training, these strategies are your roadmap to fostering better listening habits in your beloved canine companion.